Hebei
Hebei is a province in North China. Hebei is China's sixth most-populous province, with over 75 million people. Shijiazhuang is the capital city. The province is 96% Han Chinese, 3% Manchu, 0.8% Hui, and 0.3% Mongol. Varieties of Chinese spoken include Jilu Mandarin, the Beijing dialect of Mandarin, and Jin Chinese.
Hebei
河北 | |
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Province | |
| Province of Hebei | |
| Name transcription(s) | |
| • Chinese | 河北省 (Héběi shěng) |
| • Abbreviation |
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Clockwise: Great Wall at Jinshanling, Chengde Mountain Resort, Puning Temple, Fuqing Temple at Cangyan Mountain, Beidaihe in Qinhuangdao | |
Map showing the location of Hebei Province | |
| Coordinates: 39°18′N 116°42′E | |
| Country | China |
| Named for | Yellow River |
| Capital and largest city | Shijiazhuang |
| Divisions | 11 prefectures, 121 Counties, 2207 Townships |
| Government | |
| • Type | Province |
| • Body | Hebei Provincial People's Congress |
| • CCP Secretary | Ni Yuefeng |
| • Congress chairman | Ni Yuefeng |
| • Governor | Wang Zhengpu |
| • CPPCC chairman | Lian Yimin |
| Area | |
| • Total | 188,800 km2 (72,900 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 12th |
| Highest elevation (Mount Xiaowutai) | 2,882 m (9,455 ft) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | 74,610,235 |
| • Rank | 6th |
| • Density | 400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| • Rank | 11th |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnic composition | |
| • Languages and dialects | Jilu Mandarin, Beijing Mandarin, Jin |
| GDP | |
| • Total | CN¥4.039 trillion US$635 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥54,172 US$8,397 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HE |
| HDI (2019) | 0.738 high · 20th |
| Website | hebei.gov.cn |
| Hebei | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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"Hebei" in Chinese characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 河北 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Hopeh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | North of the Yellow River | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Chinese | 冀 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Zhili Province | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 直隸省 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 直隶省 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | Directly ruled | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Hebei borders the provinces of Shanxi to the west, Henan to the south, Shandong to the southeast, Liaoning to the northeast, and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the north. Hebei province additionally borders the direct-administered municipalities of Beijing and Tianjin, whose territory it entirely surrounds on land. Its economy is based on agriculture and manufacturing. The province is China's premier steel producer, although the steel industry creates serious air pollution.
Five UNESCO World Heritage Sites can be found in the province: the Great Wall of China, Chengde Mountain Resort, Grand Canal, Eastern Qing tombs, and Western Qing tombs. It is also home to five National Famous Historical and Cultural Cities: Handan, Baoding, Chengde, Zhengding and Shanhaiguan.
During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods (771–226 BC), the region was ruled by the states of Yan and Zhao. During the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), the region was called Zhongshu. It was called North Zhili during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), and simply Zhili during the Qing dynasty (1644–1912). The modern province of Hebei was created in 1928.