Halichondria panicea

Halichondria panicea
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Order: Suberitida
Family: Halichondriidae
Genus: Halichondria
Species:
H. panicea
Binomial name
Halichondria panicea
(Pallas, 1766)
Synonyms
List
  • Alcyonium manusdiaboli sensu Esper, 1794
  • Alcyonium medullare Lamarck, 1815
  • Alcyonium paniceum (Pallas, 1766)
  • Amorphina appendiculata Schmidt, 1875
  • Amorphina coccinea (Bowerbank, 1861)
  • Amorphina grisea Fristedt, 1887
  • Amorphina paciscens Schmidt, 1875
  • Amorphina panicea (Pallas, 1766)
  • Clathria (Microciona) seriata (Grant, 1826)
  • Clathria (Microciona) tumulosa (Bowerbank, 1882)
  • Clathria seriata (Grant, 1826)
  • Eumastia appendiculata (Schmidt, 1875)
  • Halichondria albescens (Rafinesque, 1818)
  • Halichondria ambigua Bowerbank, 1874
  • Halichondria bibula (Schmidt, 1870)
  • Halichondria brettii (Bowerbank, 1866)
  • Halichondria caduca Bowerbank, 1866
  • Halichondria coccinea Bowerbank, 1861
  • Halichondria coralloides Bowerbank, 1882
  • Halichondria edusa Bowerbank, 1874
  • Halichondria firmus (Bowerbank, 1874)
  • Halichondria glabra Bowerbank, 1866
  • Halichondria grisea (Fristedt, 1887)
  • Halichondria incerta Bowerbank, 1866
  • Halichondria lactea (Bowerbank, 1866)
  • Halichondria membrana (Bowerbank, 1866)
  • Halichondria paciscens (Schmidt, 1875)
  • Halichondria panacea [lapsus]
  • Halichondria (Halichondria) panicea (Pallas, 1766)
  • Halichondria pannosus Verrill, 1874
  • Halichondria papillaris (Linnaeus, 1791)
  • Halichondria reticulata Lieberkühn, 1859
  • Halichondria reticulata (Bowerbank, 1866)
  • Halichondria sevosa Johnston, 1842
  • Halichondria topsenti Laubenfels, 1936
  • Halichondriella corticata Burton, 1931
  • Halina panicea (Pallas, 1766)
  • Halina papillaris (Pallas, 1766)
  • Halispongia papillaris (Pallas, 1766)
  • Hymeniacidon brettii Bowerbank, 1866
  • Hymeniacidon coccinea (Bowerbank, 1861)
  • Hymeniacidon fallaciosus Bowerbank, 1866
  • Hymeniacidon firmus Bowerbank, 1874
  • Hymeniacidon fragilis Bowerbank, 1866
  • Hymeniacidon lactea Bowerbank, 1866
  • Hymeniacidon membrana Bowerbank, 1866
  • Hymeniacidon parfitti Parfitt, 1868
  • Hymeniacidon reticulatus Bowerbank, 1866
  • Hymeniacidon solidus Bowerbank, 1882
  • Hymeniacidon tegeticula Bowerbank, 1874
  • Hymeniacidon thomasii Bowerbank, 1866
  • Isodictya crassa Bowerbank, 1882
  • Isodictya perplexa Bowerbank, 1882
  • Menanetia minchini Topsent, 1896
  • Microciona tumulosa Bowerbank, 1882
  • Pellina bibula Schmidt, 1870
  • Seriatula seriata (Grant, 1826)
  • Spongia albescens Rafinesque, 1818
  • Spongia compacta Sowerby, 1806
  • Spongia cristata Ellis & Solander, 1786
  • Spongia panicea Pallas, 1766
  • Spongia seriata Grant, 1826
  • Spongia tomentosa Linnaeus, 1767
  • Spongia urens Ellis & Solander, 1786
  • Spuma borealis var. tuberosa Miklucho-Maclay, 1870
  • Spuma borealis var. velamentosa Miklucho-Maclay, 1870
  • Trachyopsilla glaberrima Burton, 1931

Halichondria panicea, commonly known as the breadcrumb sponge, is a species of sea sponge belonging to the family Halichondriidae. This is an abundant sponge of coastal areas of the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea ranging from the intertidal zone to a recorded depth of over 550 m. It is also found in the intertidal zone of the coast of the northern part of the North Island of New Zealand. It is very tolerant of a wide range of coastal habitats, including strong currents, high salinity and exposure to powerful wave action. Its only requirement is a rocky substrate which can include small cobbles.

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