George Balanchine
George Balanchine (/ˈbælən(t)ʃiːn, ˌbælənˈ(t)ʃiːn/; born Georgiy Melitonovich Balanchivadze; Russian: Георгий Мелитонович Баланчивадзе; Georgian: გიორგი მელიტონის ძე ბალანჩივაძე; January 22, 1904 (O. S. January 9) – April 30, 1983) was an American ballet choreographer of Georgian origin, recognized as one of the most influential choreographers of the 20th-century. Styled as the father of American ballet, he co-founded the New York City Ballet and remained its artistic director for more than 35 years. His choreography is characterized by plotless ballets with minimal costume and décor, performed to classical and neoclassical music.
George Balanchine | |
|---|---|
გიორგი ბალანჩივაძე | |
Balanchine in 1965 | |
| Born | Georgiy Melitonovich Balanchivadze January 22, 1904 Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Died | April 30, 1983 (aged 79) New York City, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Dancer, choreographer, director |
| Years active | 1929–1983 |
| Spouses | Tamara Geva
(m. 1921; div. 1926)Vera Zorina
(m. 1938; div. 1946)Maria Tallchief
(m. 1946; ann. 1952)Tanaquil LeClercq
(m. 1952; div. 1969) |
| Partner | Alexandra Danilova (1926–1933) |
| Awards | Presidential Medal of Freedom, among others (see below) |
Born in St. Petersburg, Russia, Balanchine took the standards and technique from his time at the Imperial Ballet School and fused it with other schools of movement that he had adopted during his tenure on Broadway and in Hollywood, creating his signature "neoclassical style".
He was a choreographer known for his musicality; he expressed music with dance and worked extensively with leading composers of his time like Igor Stravinsky. Balanchine was invited to America in 1933 by a young arts patron named Lincoln Kirstein, and together they founded the School of American Ballet in 1934 as well as the New York City Ballet in 1948.