Geographic tongue
Geographic tongue, also known by several other terms, is a condition of the mucous membrane of the tongue, usually on the dorsal surface. It is a common condition, affecting approximately 2–3% of the general population. It is characterized by areas of smooth, red depapillation (loss of lingual papillae) which migrate over time. The name comes from the map-like appearance of the tongue, with the patches resembling the islands of an archipelago. The cause is unknown, but the condition is entirely benign (importantly, it does not represent oral cancer), and there is no curative treatment. Uncommonly, geographic tongue may cause a burning sensation on the tongue, for which various treatments have been described with little formal evidence of efficacy.
| Geographic tongue | |
|---|---|
| A patient with geographic tongue | |
| Specialty | Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dermatology |
| Symptoms | Burning sensation (rare) |
| Causes | Unknown |
| Diagnostic method | Visual examination |
| Differential diagnosis | Oral lichen planus, erythematous candidiasis, leukoplakia, glossitis, and chemical burns |
| Prevention | None |
| Treatment | Reassurance, time |
| Medication | None |
| Frequency | 2-3% |
| Deaths | None |