Gambierol

Gambierol is a marine polycyclic ether toxin which is produced by the dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus. Gambierol is collected from the sea at the Rangiroa Peninsula in French Polynesia. The toxins are accumulated in fish through the food chain and can therefore cause human intoxication. The symptoms of the toxicity resemble those of ciguatoxins, which are extremely potent neurotoxins that bind to voltage-sensitive sodium channels and alter their function. These ciguatoxins cause ciguatera fish poisoning. Because of the resemblance, there is a possibility that gambierol is also responsible for ciguatera fish poisoning. Because the natural source of gambierol is limited, biological studies are hampered. Therefore, chemical synthesis is required.

Gambierol
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
(2S,4S,4aS,5aR,6aS,7aR,9aS,10aR,11aS,13R,14S,16aR,17aS,18aR,19aS,20aR,21aS,22aR)-13-[(1Z,3Z)-Hepta-1,3,6-trien-1-yl]-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-4a,5a,14,17a,18a-pentamethyl-2,3,4,4a,5a,6,6a,7a,8,9,9a,10a,11,11a,13,14,16a,17a,18,18a,19a,20,20a,21a,22,22a-hexacosahydrooxepino[2′′,3′′:5′,6′]pyrano[2′,3′:5,6]pyrano[3,2-b]pyrano[2′′′,3′′′:5′′,6′′]pyrano[2′′,3′′:5′,6′]pyrano[2′,3′:5,6]pyrano[2,3-f]oxepine-4,14-diol
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C43H64O11/c1-7-8-9-10-11-14-34-39(2,46)18-17-28-30(49-34)22-36-42(5,52-28)25-41(4)35(51-36)16-15-27-31(53-41)21-29-32(48-27)24-40(3)37(50-29)23-38-43(6,54-40)33(45)20-26(47-38)13-12-19-44/h7,9-11,14,17-18,26-38,44-46H,1,8,12-13,15-16,19-25H2,2-6H3/b10-9-,14-11-/t26-,27+,28+,29+,30-,31-,32-,33-,34+,35-,36+,37-,38+,39-,40+,41+,42-,43-/m0/s1
    Key: GKLILONDTZZKRF-IDJCTBPMSA-N
SMILES
  • C[C@@]12C[C@H]3[C@@H](C[C@H]4[C@H](O3)CC[C@H]5[C@](O4)(C[C@]6([C@H](O5)C[C@H]7[C@H](O6)C=C[C@]([C@H](O7)/C=C\C=C/CC=C)(C)O)C)C)O[C@H]1C[C@@H]8[C@@](O2)([C@H](C[C@@H](O8)CCCO)O)C
Properties
C43H64O11
Molar mass 756.974 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
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