Gallic acid

Gallic acid
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid
	Other names Gallic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	149-91-7 ; 5995-86-8 (monohydrate) ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:30778 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL288114 ;
ChemSpider	361 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.005.228
EC Number	205-749-9;
IUPHAR/BPS	5549;
KEGG	C01424 ;
PubChem CID	370;
RTECS number	LW7525000;
UNII	632XD903SP ; 48339473OT (monohydrate) ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID0020650 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C7H6O5/c8-4-1-3(7(11)12)2-5(9)6(4)10/h1-2,8-10H,(H,11,12) Key: LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C7H6O5/c8-4-1-3(7(11)12)2-5(9)6(4)10/h1-2,8-10H,(H,11,12) Key: LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYAN;
	SMILES O=C(O)c1cc(O)c(O)c(O)c1;
Properties
Chemical formula	C7H6O5
Molar mass	170.12 g/mol
Appearance	White, yellowish-white, or; pale fawn-colored crystals.
Density	1.694 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
Melting point	260 °C (500 °F; 533 K)
Solubility in water	1.19 g/100 mL, 20°C (anhydrous); 1.5 g/100 mL, 20 °C (monohydrate)
Solubility	soluble in alcohol, ether, glycerol, acetone ; negligible in benzene, chloroform, petroleum ether
log P	0.70
Acidity (pKa)	COOH: 4.5, OH: 10.
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-90.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Irritant
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	5000 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
Related compounds
Related	phenols,; carboxylic acids
Related compounds	Benzoic acid, Phenol, Pyrogallol
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Gallic acid (also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a trihydroxybenzoic acid with the formula C₆H₂(OH)₃CO₂H. It is classified as a phenolic acid. It is found in gallnuts, sumac, witch hazel, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plants. It is a white solid, although samples are typically brown owing to partial oxidation. Salts and esters of gallic acid are termed "gallates".

Its name is derived from oak galls, which were historically used to prepare tannic acid. Despite the name, gallic acid does not contain gallium.

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