GABRA2

GABRA2
Identifiers
Aliases	GABRA2, gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor alpha2 subunit
External IDs	OMIM: 137140 MGI: 95614 HomoloGene: 20217 GeneCards: GABRA2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 4 (human)
End	46,475,230 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	frontal pole; ; entorhinal cortex; ; postcentral gyrus; ; Brodmann area 23; ; superior frontal gyrus; ; middle temporal gyrus; ; occipital lobe; ; Brodmann area 46; ; caudate nucleus; ; external globus pallidus;
	n/a
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	GABA-A receptor activity; ion channel activity; benzodiazepine receptor activity; extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity; chloride channel activity; GABA-gated chloride ion channel activity; transmembrane signaling receptor activity; inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity; transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; chloride channel complex; membrane; synapse; plasma membrane; cell junction; integral component of synaptic vesicle membrane; postsynaptic membrane; cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; cytoplasmic vesicle; GABA-A receptor complex; integral component of plasma membrane; dendrite membrane; neuron projection; postsynapse; dendrite; cell projection;
Biological process	gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway; chloride transport; regulation of neurotransmitter levels; neurotransmitter transport; ion transport; chloride transmembrane transport; ion transmembrane transport; signal transduction; chemical synaptic transmission; regulation of membrane potential; nervous system process; synaptic transmission, GABAergic; regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential; inhibitory synapse assembly;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2555
	14395
	ENSG00000151834
	n/a
	P47869
	P26048
	NM_000807; NM_001114175; NM_001286827; NM_001330690
	NM_008066
NP_000798; NP_001107647; NP_001273756; NP_001317619; NP_001364073;
	NP_001364074; NP_001364075; NP_001364076; NP_001364077; NP_001364078; NP_001364079; NP_001364080; NP_001364081; NP_001364082; NP_001364083; NP_001364084
	NP_032092
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 is a protein in humans that is encoded by the GABRA2 gene.

GABRA2 is an alpha subunit that is part of GABA-A receptors, which are ligand-gated chloride channels and are activated by the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, GABA. Chloride conductance of these channels can be modulated by agents, such as benzodiazepines (psychoactive drugs) that bind to the GABA-A receptor.

GABA-A receptors are composed of two alpha, two beta, and one gamma subunits. They have at least 16 distinct subunits identified, including GABRA2. This receptor is found mainly in specific regions of the brain, such as the hippocampus.

Subunit isoforms are seen around in various locations in the brain throughout growth. The combination of subunits has a large effect on the pharmacological and biophysical characteristics. GABRA2 has been found to mediate anxiolytic activity, which plays a key role in emotional and behavioral control. Most of GABRA2 modifications have been found to be linked to alcoholism and adolescent behavior.

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