Furfural

Furfural
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Furan-2-carbaldehyde
	Other names Furfural, furan-2-carboxaldehyde, fural, furfuraldehyde, 2-furaldehyde, pyromucic aldehyde
Identifiers
CAS Number	98-01-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:34768 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL189362 ;
ChemSpider	13863629 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.002.389
KEGG	C14279 ;
PubChem CID	7362;
UNII	DJ1HGI319P ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1020647 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C5H4O2/c6-4-5-2-1-3-7-5/h1-4H Key: HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C5H4O2/c6-4-5-2-1-3-7-5/h1-4H Key: HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYAD;
	SMILES c1cc(oc1)C=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C5H4O2
Molar mass	96.085 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless oil
Odor	Almond-like
Density	1.1601 g/mL (20 °C)
Melting point	−37 °C (−35 °F; 236 K)
Boiling point	162 °C (324 °F; 435 K)
Solubility in water	83 g/L
Vapor pressure	2 mmHg (20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−47.1×10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
Flash point	62 °C (144 °F; 335 K)
Explosive limits	2.1–19.3%
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	300–500 mg/kg (oral, mice)
LC50 (median concentration)	370 ppm (dog, 6 hr); 175 ppm (rat, 6 hr); 1037 ppm (rat, 1 hr);
LCLo (lowest published)	370 ppm (mouse, 6 hr); 260 ppm (rat);
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3) [skin]
REL (Recommended)	No established REL
IDLH (Immediate danger)	100 ppm
Related compounds
Related Furan-2-carbaldehydes	Hydroxymethylfurfural; Methoxymethylfurfural;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Furfural is an organic compound with the formula C₄H₃OCHO. It is a colorless liquid, although commercial samples are often brown. It has an aldehyde group attached to the 2-position of furan. It is a product of the dehydration of sugars, as occurs in a variety of agricultural byproducts, including corncobs, oat, wheat bran, and sawdust. The name furfural comes from the Latin word furfur, meaning bran, referring to its usual source. Furfural is only derived from dryed biomass. In addition to ethanol, acetic acid, and sugar, furfural is one of the oldest organic chemicals available readily purified from natural precursors.

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