Friedrich Engels

Friedrich Engels
Friedrich Engels
	Engels in 1879
Born	28 November 1820; Barmen, Jülich-Cleves-Berg, Kingdom of Prussia; (now Wuppertal, Germany)
Died	5 August 1895 (aged 74); London, England
Political party	Communist Correspondence Committee (until 1847); Communist League (1847–1852); International Workingmen's Association (1864–1872);
	Philosophy career
Education	Gymnasium zu Elberfeld; (withdrew); University of Berlin; (no degree)
Notable work	The Condition of the Working Class in England, Anti-Dühring, Socialism: Utopian and Scientific, The German Ideology, The Communist Manifesto
Spouse	Lizzie Burns (m. 1878; died 1878)
Partner	Mary Burns (died 1863)
Era	19th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Continental philosophy; Marxism
Main interests	Political philosophy, political economy, class struggle, criticism of capitalism
Notable ideas	Alienation and exploitation of the worker, dialectical materialism, historical materialism, false consciousness
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Friedrich Engels (/ˈɛŋɡəlz/ ENG-gəlz; German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈʔɛŋl̩s]; 28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895) was a German philosopher, political theorist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. He was also a businessman and Karl Marx's closest friend and collaborator.

He met Marx in 1844, and they jointly authored a number of works, including The Holy Family (1844), The German Ideology (written 1846), and The Communist Manifesto (1848), and worked as political organisers and activists in the Communist League and First International. Engels also helped Marx financially, allowing him to continue his writing after moving to London in 1849. After Marx's death in 1883, Engels compiled Volumes II and III of Das Kapital (1885 and 1894), helped found the Second International, and was the leading authority on Marxism.

Engels's family was wealthy and owned large cotton-textile mills in Prussia and England. Engels also wrote wide-ranging works of his own, including The Condition of the Working Class in England (1845), Anti-Dühring (1878), Dialectics of Nature (1878–1882), The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State (1884), and Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy (1886).

His philosophical writings on materialism, idealism, and dialectics supplied Marxism with an ontological and metaphysical foundation.

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