Francisco José de Caldas
Francisco José de Caldas (October 4, 1768 – October 28, 1816) was a Colombian lawyer, military engineer, self-taught naturalist, mathematician, geographer and inventor (he created the first hypsometer), who was executed by orders of Pablo Morillo during the Spanish American Reconquista for being a forerunner of the fight for the independence of New Granada (modern day Colombia). Arguably the first Colombian scientist, he is often nicknamed "El Sabio" (Spanish for "The learned," "The sage" or "The wise").
Francisco José de Caldas | |
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Woodcut of Francisco José de Caldas from the Papel Periodico de Bogotá | |
| Born | Francisco José de Caldas y Tenorio 4 October 1768 Popayán, Viceroyalty of New Granada |
| Died | 28 October 1816 (aged 48) Bogotá, Cundinamarca, United Provinces of New Granada |
| Cause of death | Execution by firing squad |
| Resting place | Iglesia de San José Popayán, Cauca, Colombia 2°26′33.68″N 76°36′41.19″W |
| Nationality | Neogranadine |
| Other names | El Sabio ("the wise") |
| Education | Lawyer |
| Alma mater | Universidad Santo Tomás |
| Occupation(s) | Militar Engineer, Geographer, Botanist, Astronomer, Writer |
| Known for | Precursor of the fight for the independence of Colombia. Geographer, mathematician, astronomer and inventor of first hypsometer. |
| Parent(s) | José de Caldas y Gamba Vicenta Tenorio y Arboleda |
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