Fort Peck Dam
The Fort Peck Dam is the highest of six major dams along the Missouri River, located in northeast Montana in the United States, near Glasgow, and adjacent to the community of Fort Peck. At 21,026 feet (6,409 m) in length and over 250 feet (76 m) in height, it is the largest hydraulically filled dam in the United States, and creates Fort Peck Lake, the fifth largest artificial lake in the U.S., more than 130 miles (210 km) long, 200 feet (61 m) deep, and it has a 1,520-mile (2,450 km) shoreline which is longer than the state of California's coastline. It lies within the Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge. The dam and the 134-mile-long (216 km) lake are owned and operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and exist for the purposes of hydroelectric power generation, flood control, and water quality management.
| Fort Peck Dam | |
|---|---|
Aerial view of Fort Peck Dam, looking west. Fort Peck, Montana. 1986 | |
Location of the Fort Peck Dam in Montana | |
| Country | United States |
| Location | Fort Peck, Montana |
| Coordinates | 48°00′10″N 106°24′58″W |
| Construction began | 1933 |
| Opening date | 1940 |
| Construction cost | $100 million |
| Owner(s) | U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District |
| Dam and spillways | |
| Type of dam | Hydraulic earthfill |
| Impounds | Missouri River |
| Height | 250 ft (76 m) |
| Length | 21,026 ft (6,409 m) |
| Width (crest) | 50 ft (15 m) |
| Width (base) | 3,500 ft (1,100 m) |
| Dam volume | 125,628,000 cu yd (96,049,000 m3) |
| Spillway type | Controlled overflow, 8x bulkhead gates |
| Spillway capacity | 250,000 cu ft/s (7,100 m3/s) |
| Reservoir | |
| Creates | Fort Peck Lake |
| Total capacity | 18,463,000 acre⋅ft (22.774 km3) |
| Catchment area | 57,500 sq mi (149,000 km2) |
| Surface area | 241,000 acres (98,000 ha) |
| Power Station | |
| Operator(s) | U.S. Army Corps of Engineers |
| Hydraulic head | 220 ft (67 m) |
| Turbines | 5x vertical Francis turbines |
| Installed capacity | 185 MW |
| Annual generation | 1,048 GWh |
| Website U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - Fort Peck Project | |
Fort Peck Dam | |
U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| Location | On the Missouri River, Fort Peck, Montana |
| Area | 500 acres (200 ha) |
| Built | 1933 |
| Built by | U.S. Army Corps of Engineers |
| Architectural style | Art Deco |
| MPS | Fort Peck MRA |
| NRHP reference No. | 86002061 |
| Added to NRHP | August 13, 1986 |
The dam presently has a nameplate capacity of 185.25 megawatts, divided among 5 generating units (which in turn are divided between the Western and Eastern grids). Three units in powerhouse number one, completed in 1951, have a capacity of 105 MW. Completed in 1961, the two remaining generating units in powerhouse number 2, have a nameplate capacity of 80 MW.
The lake has a maximum operating pool elevation of 2,250 feet (686 m) above mean sea level and a normal operating pool elevation of 2,246 feet (685 m) above mean sea level. The lake level fluctuates over time based on a number of factors. During the first week of February 2007, the reservoir set a record low elevation of 2,197 feet (670 m) above mean sea level, nearly 12 feet (3.7 m) lower than the previous record low set in 1991. In June 2011, in response to the 2011 Missouri River Floods, the dam was releasing almost 66,000 cubic feet per second (1,900 m3/s), which greatly exceeded its previous record release of 35,000 cu ft/s (990 m3/s) set in 1975.