Fluorescein (medical use)

Fluorescein
	Fluorescein drops being put in the eye before examination
Clinical data
Pronunciation	/ˈflʊərəsiːn/
Trade names	Fluorescite, AK-Fluor, BioGlo, others
License data	US DailyMed: Fluorescein; US FDA: Fluorescein;
Routes of; administration	Eye drops, intravenous, by mouth
Drug class	Diagnostic agent
ATC code	S01JA01 (WHO) S01JA51 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only; In general: ℞ (Prescription only);
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 3',6'-dihydroxyspiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one;
CAS Number	2321-07-5 ; sodium: 518-47-8 ;
PubChem CID	16850;
DrugBank	DB00693;
ChemSpider	15968;
UNII	TPY09G7XIR; sodium: 93X55PE38X ;
KEGG	D01261; sodium: D02024;
ChEBI	CHEBI:31624;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1057;
PDB ligand	FLU (PDBe, RCSB PDB);
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C20H12O5
Molar mass	332.311 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)OC23C4=C(C=C(C=C4)O)OC5=C3C=CC(=C5)O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C20H12O5/c21-11-5-7-15-17(9-11)24-18-10-12(22)6-8-16(18)20(15)14-4-2-1-3-13(14)19(23)25-20/h1-10,21-22H; Key:GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N;

Fluorescein is used to help in the diagnosis of a number of eye problems. When applied as a drop or within a strip of paper to the surface of the eye it is used to help detect eye injuries such as foreign bodies and corneal abrasions. When given by mouth or injection into a vein it is used to help evaluate the blood vessels in the back of the eye during fluorescein angiography.

When applied to the surface of the eye, side effects may include a brief period of blurry vision and discoloration of contact lenses of the soft type. When used by mouth or injection, side effects may include headache, nausea, and a change to the color of the skin for a brief period of time. Allergic reactions may rarely occur. Fluorescein is a dye which is taken up by damaged cornea such that the area appears green under cobalt blue light. There is also a version that comes premixed with lidocaine.

Fluorescein was first made in 1871. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.