Emperor Duzong

Emperor Duzong of Song (2 May 1240 – 12 August 1274), personal name Zhao Qi, was the 15th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the sixth emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He was a nephew of his predecessor, Emperor Lizong, and reigned from 1264 until his death in 1274.

Emperor Duzong of Song
宋度宗
Palace portrait on a hanging scroll, kept in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, Taiwan
Emperor of the Song dynasty
Reign16 November 1264 –
12 August 1274
Coronation16 November 1264
PredecessorEmperor Lizong
SuccessorEmperor Gong
BornZhao Mengqi (1240–1251)
Zhao Zi (1251–1253)
Zhao Qi (1253–1274)
2 May 1240
Shaoxing, Song dynasty
Died12 August 1274(1274-08-12) (aged 34)
Lin'an, Song dynasty (modern Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)
Burial
Yongshao Mausoleum (永紹陵, in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang)
Consorts
​
(m. 1261⁠–⁠1274)​
    Lady Yang
    ​
    (before 1274)​
    IssueEmperor Duanzong
    Emperor Gong
    Zhao Bing
    Princess Xin'an Zhuangyi
    Princess Zhenjing
    Princess
    Era dates
    Xianchun (咸淳; 1265–1274)
    Posthumous name
    Emperor Duanwen Mingwu Jingxiao (端文明武景孝皇帝)
    Temple name
    Duzong (度宗)
    HouseZhao
    DynastySong (Southern Song)
    FatherZhao Yurui
    MotherHuang Dingxi
    Signature
    Emperor Duzong of Song
    Chinese宋度宗
    Literal meaning"Measured Ancestor of the Song"
    Zhao Qi
    Traditional Chinese趙禥
    Simplified Chinese赵禥
    Zhao Mengqi
    Traditional Chinese趙孟啟
    Simplified Chinese赵孟启
    Zhao Zi
    Traditional Chinese趙孜
    Simplified Chinese赵孜
    In this Chinese name, the family name is Zhao.

    His birth name was Zhao Mengqi but his name was changed to Zhao Zi in 1251 and finally to Zhao Qi in 1253 after he was designated as Emperor Lizong's heir apparent. Duzong's reign was filled with rebellions and warfare; the court was dominated by his chancellor Jia Sidao and Duzong himself gave in into drinking and women, thus abandoning his duties. He died in 1274 leaving behind three young boys, one of whom took the throne as Emperor Gong. He was the last Emperor of the Song to issue coins; subsequent Song emperors were too busy fighting the newly proclaimed Yuan dynasty to establish mints to cast any coins and did not have enough resources.

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