Duchy of Livonia
The Duchy of Livonia (Polish: Księstwo Zadźwińskie or Księstwo Inflanckie; Lithuanian: Livonijos kunigaikštystė; Latin: Ducatus Ultradunensis; Estonian: Liivimaa hertsogkond; Latvian: Pārdaugavas hercogiste; German: Herzogtum Livland), also referred to as Polish Livonia or Livonia (Polish: Inflanty), was a territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that existed from 1561 to 1621. It corresponds to the present-day areas of northern Latvia and southern Estonia.
| Duchy of Livonia | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vassal of Grand Duchy of Lithuania, then of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth | |||||||||||||
| 1561–1629 | |||||||||||||
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth with its major subdivisions after the 1618 Truce of Deulino, superimposed on present-day national borders. Livonia here is coloured dark grey, upper-right, over modern Estonia and Latvia. Swedish Estonia is coloured green. | |||||||||||||
| Capital | Fellin (Viljandi) | ||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||
| • Coordinates | 58°22′N 25°36′E | ||||||||||||
| Government | |||||||||||||
| • Type | Principality | ||||||||||||
| Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland | |||||||||||||
• 1561–1572 | Sigismund II Augustus | ||||||||||||
• 1573–1575 | Henry III de Valois | ||||||||||||
• 1576–1586 | Stephen Báthory and Anna Jagiellon | ||||||||||||
• 1588–1621 | Sigismund III Vasa | ||||||||||||
| Governor | |||||||||||||
• 1566–1578 | Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz | ||||||||||||
| Historical era | Early Modern Age | ||||||||||||
• Treaty of Vilnius | 28 November 1561 | ||||||||||||
• Polish–Swedish War | 1620–1622 | ||||||||||||
• Truce of Altmark | 25 September 1629 | ||||||||||||
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