Dimethyl sulfate

Dimethyl sulfate
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Dimethyl sulfate
	Other names Dimethyl sulphate; Sulfuric acid dimethyl ester; Me2SO4; DMSO4; Dimethyl ester of sulfuric acid; Methyl sulfate, di-
Identifiers
CAS Number	77-78-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:59050 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL162150 ;
ChemSpider	6252 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.963
KEGG	C19177 ;
PubChem CID	6497;
UNII	JW5CW40Z50 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5024055 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C2H6O4S/c1-5-7(3,4)6-2/h1-2H3 Key: VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C2H6O4S/c1-5-7(3,4)6-2/h1-2H3 Key: VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYAK;
	SMILES COS(=O)(=O)OC;
Properties
Chemical formula	C2H6O4S
Molar mass	126.13 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless, oily liquid
Odor	faint, onion-like
Density	1.33 g/ml, liquid
Melting point	−32 °C (−26 °F; 241 K)
Boiling point	188 °C (370 °F; 461 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water	Reacts
Solubility	Methanol, dichloromethane, acetone
Vapor pressure	0.1 mmHg (20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−62.2×10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Extremely toxic, contact hazard, inhalation hazard, corrosive, environmental hazard, carcinogenic, mutagenic
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H301, H314, H317, H330, H335, H341, H350
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 2 1
Flash point	83 °C; 182 °F; 356 K
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LC50 (median concentration)	8.6 ppm (rat, 4 hr); 75 ppm (guinea pig, 20 min); 53 ppm (mouse); 32 ppm (guinea pig, 1 hr)
LCLo (lowest published)	97 ppm (human, 10 min)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 1 ppm (5 mg/m3) [skin]
REL (Recommended)	Ca TWA 0.1 ppm (0.5 mg/m3) [skin]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	Ca [7 ppm]
Related compounds
Related compounds	Diethyl sulfate, methyl triflate, dimethyl carbonate
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Dimethyl sulfate (DMS) is a chemical compound with formula (CH₃O)₂SO₂. As the diester of methanol and sulfuric acid, its formula is often written as (CH₃)₂SO₄ or Me₂SO₄, where CH₃ or Me is methyl. Me₂SO₄ is mainly used as a methylating agent in organic synthesis.

Me₂SO₄ is a colourless oily liquid with a slight onion-like odour (although smelling it would represent significant exposure). Like all strong alkylating agents, Me₂SO₄ is extremely toxic. Its use as a laboratory reagent has been superseded to some extent by methyl triflate, CF₃SO₃CH₃, the methyl ester of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid.

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