Arsenic trioxide
Arsenic trioxide is an inorganic compound with the formula As
2O
3. As an industrial chemical, its major uses include the manufacture of wood preservatives, pesticides, and glass. It is sold under the brand name Trisenox among others when used as a medication to treat a type of cancer known as acute promyelocytic leukemia. For this use it is given by injection into a vein.
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| Pronunciation | AR se nik tri OKS id |
| Trade names | Trisenox, others |
| Other names | Arsenic(III) oxide, Arsenic sesquioxide, Arseneous oxide, Ratsbane, Arseneous anhydride, White arsenic, Aqua Tofani |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a608017 |
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| Routes of administration | Intravenous |
| Drug class | Antineoplastic agent |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Protein binding | 75% |
| Excretion | Urine |
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| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.014.075 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | As2O3 |
| Molar mass | 197.840 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Density | 3.74 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 312.2 °C (594.0 °F) |
| Boiling point | 465 °C (869 °F) |
| Solubility in water | 20 g/L (25 °C) (see text) |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.014.075 |
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| H300, H314, H350, H410 | |
| P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340+P310, P305+P351+P338+P310, P308+P313, P363, P391, P405, P501 | |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | american elements SDS |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, swelling, shortness of breath, and headaches. Severe side effects may include APL differentiation syndrome and heart problems. Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding may harm the baby. Its mechanism in treating cancer is not entirely clear.
Arsenic trioxide was approved for medical use in the United States in 2000. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Approximately 50,000 tonnes are produced a year. Due to its toxicity, a number of countries have regulations around its manufacture and sale.