Diacylglycerol lipase
Diacylglycerol lipase, also known as DAG lipase, DAGL, or DGL, is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of diacylglycerol, releasing a free fatty acid and monoacylglycerol:
diacylglycerol + H2O ⇌ monoacylglycerol + free fatty acid
diacylglycerol lipase α | |||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||
Symbol | DAGLA | ||||||
Alt. symbols | C11orf11 | ||||||
NCBI gene | 747 | ||||||
HGNC | 1165 | ||||||
RefSeq | NM_006133 | ||||||
UniProt | Q9Y4D2 | ||||||
Other data | |||||||
EC number | 3.1.1.116 | ||||||
Locus | Chr. 11 q12.3 | ||||||
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diacylglycerol lipase β | |||||||
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DAGLβ structure, folded with AlphaFold. Transmembrane domain in marine blue. Catalytic domain in yellow. Note missing C-terminal tail. See Structure for details. Click image for higher resolution. | |||||||
Identifiers | |||||||
Symbol | DAGLB | ||||||
NCBI gene | 221955 | ||||||
HGNC | 28923 | ||||||
RefSeq | NM_139179 | ||||||
UniProt | Q8NCG7 | ||||||
Other data | |||||||
EC number | 3.1.1.116 | ||||||
Locus | Chr. 7 p22.1 | ||||||
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DAGL has been studied in multiple domains of life, including bacteria, fungi, plants, insects, and mammals. By searching with BLAST for the previously sequenced microorganism DAGL, Bisogno et al discovered two distinct mammalian isoforms, designated DAGLα (DAGLA) and DAGLβ (DAGLB). Most animal DAGL enzymes cluster into the DAGLα and DAGLβ isoforms.
Mammalian DAGL is a crucial enzyme in the biosynthesis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), the most abundant endocannabinoid in tissues. The endocannabinoid system has been identified to have considerable involvement in the regulation of homeostasis and disease. As a result, much effort has been made toward investigating the mechanisms of action and the therapeutic potential of the system's receptors, endogenous ligands, and enzymes like DAGLα and DAGLβ.