Demographics of the European Union

The demographics of the European Union show a highly populated, culturally diverse union of 27 member states. As of 1 January 2023, the population of the EU is around 448 million people.

Demographics of the European Union
Map showing the population density by NUTS3 region, 2017, including non-EU countries
Population448,753,823 (2023)
Growth rate0.37% (2022)
Birth rate8.7 births per 1,000 (2022)
Death rate11.5 deaths per 1,000 (2022)
Life expectancy80.6 (2022)
  male77.9 years (2022)
  female83.3 years (2022)
Fertility rate1.46 children per woman (2022)
Infant mortality rate3.3 deaths per 1,000 live births (2022)
Language
OfficialSee languages of the European Union
SpokenMost spoken L1: German: 20% (2020)

Most spoken L2: English L2: 43% (2017)

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