Demographics of Indonesia
The population of Indonesia was 270.20 million according to the 2020 national census, an increase from 237.64 million in 2010. The official estimate as at mid 2022 was 275,773,800, increasing at a rate of 1.17% per year. Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world. Approximately 55% of Indonesia's population resides on Java, which is the most populous island in the world.
| Demographics of Indonesia | |
|---|---|
Population pyramid of Indonesia in 2020 | |
| Population | 270,203,917 (2020 census) |
| Growth rate | 0.79% (2022 est.) |
| Birth rate | 15.32 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) |
| Death rate | 6.75 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 73.08 years |
| • male | 70.86 years |
| • female | 75.4 years |
| Fertility rate | 2.18 children born/woman (2022 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | 19.73 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Net migration rate | -0.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) |
| Age structure | |
| 0–14 years | 23.87% |
| 15–64 years | 68.31% |
| 65 and over | 7.82% |
| Sex ratio | |
| Total | 1 male(s)/female (2022 est.) |
| At birth | 1.05 male(s)/female |
| Under 15 | 1.05 male(s)/female |
| 65 and over | 0.66 male(s)/female |
| Nationality | |
| Nationality | Indonesian |
| Major ethnic | Over 1,300 ethnic groups |
| Language | |
| Official | Indonesian |
| Spoken | Over 700 languages |
Despite a fairly effective family planning program that has been in place since 1967, Indonesia's average population growth per year was over 1.1% for the decade ending in 2020, nearly having 13% population growth for that decade. At this rate, Indonesia's population is projected to surpass the population of the United States if the recent population growth continues.
Indonesia has a relatively young population compared to Western nations, though it is aging as the country's birth rate has slowed and its life expectancy has increased. The median age was 30.2 years in 2017. Indonesia includes numerous ethnic, cultural and linguistic groups, some of which are related to each other. Since independence, Indonesian is the language of most written communication, education, government, and business. Many local ethnic languages are the first language of most Indonesians and are still important. Examples of local languages being Balinese, Gayo, and Taeʼ.