Dési Bouterse
Desiré Delano Bouterse (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdeːsi ˈbʌutərsə]; born 13 October 1945) is a Surinamese military officer, politician, convicted murderer and drug trafficker who served as President of Suriname from 2010 to 2020. From 1980 to 1987, he was Suriname's de facto leader after conducting a military coup and establishing a period of military rule. In 1987, Bouterse founded the National Democratic Party (NDP). On 25 May 2010, Bouterse's political alliance, the Megacombinatie ("Mega combination"), which included the NDP, won the parliamentary elections, and on 19 July 2010, Bouterse was elected as President of Suriname with 36 of 50 parliament votes. He was inaugurated on 12 August 2010.
Dési Bouterse | |
|---|---|
Official portrait, 2010 | |
| 8th President of Suriname | |
| In office 12 August 2010 – 16 July 2020 | |
| Vice President | Robert Ameerali (2010–2015) Ashwin Adhin (2015–2020) |
| Preceded by | Ronald Venetiaan |
| Succeeded by | Chan Santokhi |
| President pro tempore of the Union of South American Nations | |
| In office 30 August 2013 – 4 December 2014 | |
| Preceded by | Ollanta Humala |
| Succeeded by | José Mujica |
| President of the National Democratic Party | |
| Assumed office 4 July 1987 | |
| Preceded by | Party established |
| Chairman of the National Military Council | |
| In office 25 February 1980 – 27 November 1987 | |
| President | Johan Ferrier Henk Chin A Sen Fred Ramdat Misier |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Desiré Delano Bouterse 13 October 1945 Domburg, Suriname |
| Political party | National Democratic Party |
| Spouses | Ingrid Figueira (divorced)Ingrid Waldring (m. 1990) |
| Children | Peggy Dino Jen-ai |
Bouterse is a controversial figure, held responsible by some for numerous human rights violations committed during his military rule in the 1980s. Most notable were the December murders in 1982. He was prosecuted for the murders, and a trial was initiated, but the National Assembly extended amnesty to him in 2012. After the trial was forced to continue, he was sentenced to 20 years in prison on 29 November 2019. He is also suspected of having directed the Moiwana massacre in 1986 against a village of Maroons during the Surinamese Interior War which pitted his government first against the maroon guerrilla group Jungle Commando, led by his former bodyguard, Ronnie Brunswijk, and then against the indigenous group Tucayana Amazonas.
On 16 July 1999, Bouterse was sentenced in absentia in the Netherlands to 11 years' imprisonment after being convicted of trafficking 474 kg (1,045 lb) of cocaine. Bouterse always maintained his innocence. He claimed the star witness in the case, Patrick van Loon, was bribed by the Dutch government. According to the United States diplomatic cables leak released in 2011, Bouterse was active in the drug trade until 2006. Europol has issued a warrant for his arrest. At that time, he could not be arrested in Suriname, because he was still president. As he was convicted of the drug offense before his election in 2010 as head of state, he risked arrest if he leaves Suriname.
In 2023, he was sentenced to twenty years' imprisonment for the 1982 murders of fifteen political dissidents. He was reported missing by the Surinamese authorities in January 2024 after refusing to report to prison. He is currently considered a fugitive.