Coimbatore district
Coimbatore district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. Coimbatore is the administrative headquarters of the district. It is one of the most industrialized districts and a major textile, industrial, commercial, educational, information technology, healthcare and manufacturing hub of Tamil Nadu. The region is bounded by Tiruppur district in the east, Nilgiris district in the north, Erode district in the northeast, Palakkad district, Idukki district and small parts of Thrissur district and Ernakulam district of neighboring state of Kerala in the west and south respectively. As of 2011, Coimbatore district had a population of 3,458,045 with a sex ratio of 1,000 and literacy rate of 84%.
Coimbatore
Covai | |
|---|---|
District of Tamil Nadu | |
Clockwise from top-left: Marudhamalai Temple, Pandava Graves site, hills near Pollachi, Tea plantation near Valparai, North Coimbatore flyover | |
| Nickname: Manchester of South india | |
Location in Tamil Nadu | |
| Coordinates: 11.0125°N 76.9714°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| Headquarters | Coimbatore |
| Taluks | Annur, Anaimalai, Coimbatore North, Coimbatore South, Kinathukadavu, Madukkarai, Mettupalayam, Perur, Pollachi, Sulur, Valparai |
| Government | |
| • Body | Coimbatore Local Planning Authority |
| • District Collector | Kranthikumar Pati, IAS |
| • Commissioner of Police (City) | Pradip Kumar, IPS |
| • Superintendent of Police (Rural) | V. Badrinarayanan, IPS |
| Area | |
| • Total | 4,723 km2 (1,824 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 420 m (1,380 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 3,458,045 |
| • Density | 730/km2 (1,900/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Tamil |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 641xxx, 642xxx |
| Telephone code | +91-0422 |
| ISO 3166 code | ISO 3166-2 |
| Vehicle registration | TN-37(Coimbatore South),
TN-37Z(Sulur), TN-38(Coimbatore North), TN-40(Mettupalayam), TN-41(Pollachi), TN-41Z(Valparai), TN-66(Coimbatore Central), TN-99(Coimbatore West), |
| Largest city | Coimbatore |
| Sex ratio | M-50.00%/F-50.00% ♂/♀ |
| Literacy | 92.98% |
| State legislative assembly (India) constituency | 10 |
| Precipitation | 700 millimetres (28 in) |
| Avg. summer temperature | 36 °C (97 °F) |
| Avg. winter temperature | 18 °C (64 °F) |
| Website | coimbatore |
Coimbatore district was part of the historical Kongu Nadu and was ruled by the Cheras as it served as the eastern entrance to the Palakkad Gap, the principal trade route between the west coast and Tamil Nadu. Coimbatore was in the middle of the Roman trade route that extended from Muziris to Arikamedu in South India. The medieval Cholas conquered the Kongu Nadu in the 10th century CE. The region was ruled by Vijayanagara Empire in the 15th century followed by the Nayaks who introduced the Palayakkarar system under which Kongu Nadu region was divided into 24 Palayams. In the later part of the 18th century, the Coimbatore region came under the Kingdom of Mysore and following the defeat of Tipu Sultan in the Anglo-Mysore Wars, the British East India Company annexed Coimbatore to the Madras Presidency in 1799. The Coimbatore region played a prominent role in the Second Poligar War (1801) when it was the area of operations of Dheeran Chinnamalai. In 1804, Coimbatore was established as the capital of the newly formed Coimbatore district. The district experienced a textile boom in the early 19th century due to the decline of the cotton industry in Mumbai.
Post-independence, the district has seen rapid growth due to industrialisation. According to the 2011 Census, Coimbatore district is the second most urbanized district in Tamil Nadu after Chennai. 71.37% of the district's population at the 2011 Census was urban, while 29.63% was rural. The urbanized areas of Coimbatore district include the city of Coimbatore, Karamadai, Podanur, Madhukkarai, Ettimadai, Thondamuthur, Mettupalayam, Annur, and a few other regions. Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya founded by Mahatama Gandhi 1934.