Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2003
The Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2003 was passed by the Parliament of India in December 2003, and received presidential assent in January 2004. It is labelled "Act 6 of 2004".
| Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2003 | |
|---|---|
| Parliament of India | |
Long title
| |
| Citation | Act No. 6 of 2004 |
| Passed by | Rajya Sabha |
| Passed | 18 December 2003 |
| Passed by | Lok Sabha |
| Passed | 22 December 2003 |
| Assented to | 7 January 2004 |
| Signed by | President of India |
| Effective | 3 December 2004 |
| Legislative history | |
| First chamber: Rajya Sabha | |
| Bill title | Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2003 |
| Bill citation | Bill No. 39 of 2003 |
| Introduced by | L. K. Advani Minister of Home Affairs |
| Introduced | 7 May 2003 |
| Amends | |
| Citizenship Act, 1955 | |
| Status: In force | |
The Act amended The Citizenship Act, 1955 by:
- introducing and defining a notion of "illegal migrant", who could be jailed or deported.
- making illegal immigrants ineligible for citizenship by registration or by naturalisation,
- disallowing citizenship by birth for children born in India if either parent is an illegal immigrant, and
- introducing a notion of Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) for citizens of other countries who are of Indian origin.
The Act also mandated the Government of India to construct and maintain a National Register of Citizens.
Scholar Anupama Roy described this amendment as a "hinge point" from which emerged the two contradictory tendencies represented by the Citizenship Amendment Bill 2016 (eventually to be an Act in 2019) and the National Register of Citizens. These two developments gave rise to large-scale protests all over India in December 2019.
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