Chlorosulfuric acid

Chlorosulfuric acid (IUPAC name: sulfurochloridic acid) is the inorganic compound with the formula HSO3Cl. It is also known as chlorosulfonic acid, being the sulfonic acid of chlorine. It is a distillable, colorless liquid which is hygroscopic and a powerful lachrymator. Commercial samples usually are pale brown or straw colored.

Chlorosulfuric acid
Names
IUPAC name
Sulfurochloridic acid
Other names
Chlorosulfuric acid,
Chlorosulfonic acid,
Chlorosulphonic acid,
Chlorinesulfonic acid,
Chlorinesulphonic acid,
Chloridosulfonic acid,
Chloridosulphonic acid,
Sulfuric chlorohydrin
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.304
EC Number
  • 232-234-6
PubChem CID
RTECS number
  • FX5730000
UNII
UN number 1754
  • InChI=1S/ClHO3S/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H,2,3,4) Y
    Key: XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • InChI=1/ClHO3S/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H,2,3,4)
    Key: XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYAO
SMILES
  • ClS(=O)(=O)O
Properties
HSO3Cl
Molar mass 116.52 g mol−1
Appearance colorless liquid, but commercial samples usually are pale brown
Density 1.753 g cm−3
Melting point −80 °C (−112 °F; 193 K)
Boiling point 151 to 152 °C (304 to 306 °F; 424 to 425 K) (755 mmHg or 100.7 kPa)
hydrolysis
Solubility in other solvents reacts with alcohols
soluble in chlorocarbons
Refractive index (nD)
 1.433
Structure
Molecular shape
 tetrahedral
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Danger
H314, H335
P260, P261, P264, P271, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
3
0
2
W
OX
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 1039
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Sulfuryl chloride
Sulfuric acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Salts and esters of chlorosulfuric acid are known as chlorosulfates.

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