Chen Duxiu
Chen Duxiu (Chinese: 陳獨秀; Wade–Giles: Ch'en Tu-hsiu; 8 October 1879 – 27 May 1942) was a Chinese revolutionary socialist, educator, philosopher and author, who co-founded the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) with Li Dazhao in 1921. From 1921 to 1927, he served as the Communist Party's first general secretary. Chen was a leading figure in both the Xinhai Revolution that overthrew the Qing dynasty and the May Fourth Movement for scientific and democratic developments in the early Republic of China. After his expulsion from the CCP in 1929, Chen was for a time the leader of China's Trotskyist movement.
Chen Duxiu | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
陳獨秀 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chen, c. early 1940s | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 23 July 1921 – 1 July 1928 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Position established | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Xiang Zhongfa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Chinese Communist Party | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 23 July 1921 – 7 August 1927 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Position established | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Position abolished | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secretary of the Central Bureau of the Chinese Communist Party | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 23 July 1921 – 7 August 1927 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Position established | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Position abolished | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Personal details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | 8 October 1879 Anqing, Anhui, Qing dynasty | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Died | 27 May 1942 (aged 62) Jiangjin, Chongqing, Sichuan, Republic of China | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nationality | Chinese | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Political party | Chinese Communist Party (1921–1929) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spouse(s) | Gao Xiaolan (高晓岚) Gao Junman (高君曼) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Children | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alma mater | Qiushi Academy (currently Zhejiang University) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 陳獨秀 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 陈独秀 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Courtesy name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 仲甫 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pen name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 三愛 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 三爱 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | Three Loves | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chen's ancestral home was in Anqing, Anhui, where he established the influential vernacular Chinese periodical New Youth. In order to support overthrowing the Qing government, Chen Duxiu had joined Yue Fei Loyalist Society (岳王會; Yuèwáng huì; Yüeh4-wang2 hui4) which emerged from Gelaohui in Anhui and Hunan province.