Charles K. Kao

Charles K. Kao
Charles K. Kao
Traditional Chinese	高錕
Simplified Chinese	高锟
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Gāo Kūn
Wade–Giles	Kao1 K'un1
IPA	[káʊ kʰwə́n]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization	Gōu Kwān
Jyutping	Gou1 Kwan1
IPA	[kou˥ kʷʰɐn˥]

The Honorable Sir

Charles K. Kao

GBM KBE FRS FREng
The Honorable Sir; Charles K. Kao; GBM KBE FRS FREng
高錕
	Kao in 2004
Born	Charles Kuen Kao; November 4, 1933; Shanghai, China
Died	September 23, 2018 (aged 84); Sha Tin, Hong Kong
Citizenship	United Kingdom; United States
Alma mater	University College London (PhD 1965, issued by University of London); Woolwich Polytechnic (BSc 1957 issued by University of London)
Known for	Fiber optics; Fiber-optic communication
Spouse	Gwen May-Wan Kao (m. 1959)
Children	2
Awards	Stuart Ballantine Medal (1977); IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Memorial Award (1978); IEEE Alexander Graham Bell Medal (1985); Marconi Prize (1985); C&C Prize (1987); Faraday Medal (1989); James C. McGroddy Prize for New Materials (1989); FREng (1989); SPIE Gold Medal (1992); CBE (1992); Prince Philip Medal (1996); Japan Prize (1996); 3463 Kaokuen (1996); FRS (1997); Charles Stark Draper Prize (1999); Asian of the Century (1999); Nobel Prize in Physics (2009); Grand Bauhinia Medal (2010); Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (2010);
	Scientific career
Fields	Physics
Institutions	Chinese University of Hong Kong; Standard Telephones and Cables; ITT Corporation; Yale University
Doctoral advisor	Harold Barlow

Sir Charles Kao Kuen GBM KBE FRS FREng (November 4, 1933 – September 23, 2018) was a Chinese physicist and Nobel laureate who contributed to the development and use of fiber optics in telecommunications. In the 1960s, Kao created various methods to combine glass fibers with lasers in order to transmit digital data, which laid the groundwork for the evolution of the Internet.

Kao was born in Shanghai. His family settled in Hong Kong in 1949. He graduated from St. Joseph's College in Hong Kong in 1953 and went to London to study electrical engineering. In the 1960s, Kao worked at Standard Telecommunication Laboratories, the research center of Standard Telephones and Cables (STC) in Harlow, and it was here in 1966 that he laid the groundwork for fiber optics in communication. Known as the "godfather of broadband", the "father of fiber optics", and the "father of fiber optic communications", he continued his work in Hong Kong at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and in the United States at ITT (the parent corporation for STC) and Yale University. Kao was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for "groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication". In 2010, he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for “services to fiber optic communications”.

A permanent resident of Hong Kong, Kao was a citizen of the United Kingdom and the United States.

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