Chandrayaan-2
Chandrayaan-2 (ⓘ; from Sanskrit: Chandra, "Moon" and yāna, "craft, vehicle") is the second lunar exploration mission developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) after Chandrayaan-1. It consists of a lunar orbiter, the Vikram lunar lander, and the Pragyan rover, all of which were developed in India. The main scientific objective is to map and study the variations in lunar surface composition, as well as the location and abundance of lunar water.
Vikram lander mounted on top of orbiter inside cleanroom. | |
| Mission type |
|
|---|---|
| Operator | ISRO |
| COSPAR ID | 2019-042A |
| SATCAT no. | 44441 |
| Website | www |
| Mission duration |
|
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Manufacturer | ISRO |
| Launch mass | Combined (wet): 3,850 kg (8,490 lb) Combined (dry): 1,308 kg (2,884 lb) Orbiter (wet): 2,379 kg (5,245 lb) Orbiter (dry): 682 kg (1,504 lb) Vikram lander (wet): 1,471 kg (3,243 lb) Vikram lander (dry): 626 kg (1,380 lb) Pragyan rover: 27 kg (60 lb) |
| Power | Orbiter: 1000 watts Vikram lander: 650 watts Pragyan rover: 50 watts |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 22 July 2019, 09:13:12 UTC |
| Rocket | LVM3 M1 |
| Launch site | Satish Dhawan Space Centre Second Launch Pad |
| Contractor | ISRO |
| Lunar orbiter | |
| Orbital insertion | 20 August 2019, 03:32 UTC |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Periselene altitude | 100 km (62 mi) |
| Aposelene altitude | 100 km (62 mi) |
| Lunar lander | |
| Spacecraft component | Rover |
| Landing date | 6 September 2019, 20:23 UTC |
| Landing site | near-Lunar south pole (intended) Tiranga Point 70.8810°S 22.7840°E (between Manzinus C and Simpelius N craters) (crash site) |
Mission Insignia | |
The spacecraft was launched from the second launch pad at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Andhra Pradesh on 22 July 2019 at 09:13:12 UTC by a LVM3-M1 rocket. The craft reached lunar orbit on 20 August 2019. The Vikram lander attempted a lunar landing on 6 September 2019; the lander crashed due to a software error.
The lunar orbiter continues to operate in orbit around the Moon. A follow-up landing mission, Chandrayaan-3, was launched in 2023 and successfully performed a lunar landing.