Cardiolipin

Cardiolipin
	; General chemical structure of cardiolipins, where R1-R4 are variable fatty acid chains
Names
	IUPAC name 1,3-bis(sn-3’-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:28494;
DrugBank	DB03429 specifically tetrastearoyl cardiolipin;
KEGG	C05980;
	SMILES OC(COP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H](COC([])=O)OC([])=O)COP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H](COC([])=O)OC([])=O;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Cardiolipin (IUPAC name 1,3-bis(sn-3’-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol, "sn" designating stereospecific numbering) is an important component of the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it constitutes about 20% of the total lipid composition. It can also be found in the membranes of most bacteria. The name "cardiolipin" is derived from the fact that it was first found in animal hearts. It was first isolated from the beef heart in the early 1940s by Mary C. Pangborn. In mammalian cells, but also in plant cells, cardiolipin (CL) is found almost exclusively in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it is essential for the optimal function of numerous enzymes that are involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism.

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