Canthaxanthin

Canthaxanthin /ˌkænθəˈzænθɪn/ ⓘ is a keto-carotenoid pigment widely distributed in nature. Carotenoids belong to a larger class of phytochemicals known as terpenoids. The chemical formula of canthaxanthin is C40H52O2. It was first isolated in edible mushrooms. It has also been found in green algae, bacteria, crustaceans, and bioaccumulates in fish such as carp, golden grey mullet, seabream and trush wrasse.

Canthaxanthin
Names
IUPAC name
β,β-Carotene-4,4′-dione
Systematic IUPAC name
3,3′-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-3,7,12,16-Tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaene-1,18-diyl]bis(2,4,4-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one)
Other names
  • Cantaxanthin
  • Cantaxanthine
  • Canthaxanthine
  • Lucantin red (BASF)
  • Lucantin Red CWD (BASF)
  • Carophyll Red (DSM)
  • Roxanthin Red 10 (Adisseo)
  • L-Orange 7g
  • C.I. Food Orange 8
  • E161g
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.007.444
E number E161g (colours)
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C40H52O2/c1-29(17-13-19-31(3)21-23-35-33(5)37(41)25-27-39(35,7)8)15-11-12-16-30(2)18-14-20-32(4)22-24-36-34(6)38(42)26-28-40(36,9)10/h11-24H,25-28H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,17-13-,18-14+,23-21-,24-22+,29-15-,30-16+,31-19-,32-20+ Y
    Key: FDSDTBUPSURDBL-OQWFGLAJSA-N Y
  • InChI=1/C40H52O2/c1-29(17-13-19-31(3)21-23-35-33(5)37(41)25-27-39(35,7)8)15-11-12-16-30(2)18-14-20-32(4)22-24-36-34(6)38(42)26-28-40(36,9)10/h11-24H,25-28H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,17-13+,18-14+,23-21+,24-22+,29-15+,30-16+,31-19+,32-20+
    Key: FDSDTBUPSURDBL-OQWFGLAJBT
SMILES
  • CC(CC1)(C)C(/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C(C(C)(C)CC2)=C(C)C2=O)=C(C)C1=O
Properties
C40H52O2
Molar mass 564.82 g/mol
Appearance Violet crystals
Melting point 211 to 212 °C (412 to 414 °F; 484 to 485 K) (decomposition)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Canthaxanthin is associated with E number E161g and is approved for use as a food coloring agent in different countries, including the United States and the EU; however, it is not approved for use in Australia and New Zealand. It is generally authorized for feed applications in at least the following countries: US, Canada, EU. In the EU, canthaxanthin is allowed by law to be added to trout feed, salmon feed and poultry feed. The European Union limit is 80 mg/kg of feedstuffs, 8 mg/kg in feed for egg laying hens and 25 mg/kg in feed for other poultry and salmonids.

Canthaxanthin is a potent lipid-soluble antioxidant. The biological functions of canthaxanthin are related, at least in part, to its ability to function as an antioxidant (free radical scavenging/vitamin E sparing) in animal tissues.

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