Canada–Russia relations

Canada–Russia relations (Russian: Российско-канадские отношения) are the bilateral relations between Canada and Russia, the world's two largest countries in terms of area. Due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, relations became very tense after Canada imposed sanctions against Russia. Russia placed Canada on a list of "unfriendly countries", along with Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, Singapore, the United States, European Union members, NATO members (except Turkey), Australia, New Zealand, Switzerland, Micronesia and Ukraine.

As vast northern countries, Canada and Russia share some interests and some cooperative policies. However, the open and democratic political system of Canada contrasts with the closed Russian system, as was the case during the Communist era of the Soviet Union (USSR).

Under the Presidency of Vladimir Putin, the Canadian government has routinely criticized the erosion of Russian democracy, persistent human rights abuses, and hostile foreign policy towards Canada and its NATO allies. In 2014, relations significantly deteriorated as a result of the Russian annexation of Crimea and Russian involvement in the Donbass War. Relations between Russia and Canada reached a state of near total collapse after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and Russia threatened to sever them entirely over the possibility of Canada transferring a Russian jumbo jet to Ukraine.

As a result, Canada maintains sanctions on Russia, including on Vladimir Putin himself and other members of Putin's inner circle.

Russia in turn has sanctioned Canada and Canadian individuals, including Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, foreign minister Melanie Joly, and Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland.

Some commentators argue that Russia-Canada relations since 2014 are more hostile and confrontational than at any point during the Cold War.