Butyraldehyde
Butyraldehyde, also known as butanal, is an organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)2CHO. This compound is the aldehyde derivative of butane. It is a colorless flammable liquid with an unpleasant smell. It is miscible with most organic solvents.
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Butanal | |
| Other names
Butyraldehyde | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| 3DMet | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.004.225 |
| EC Number |
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| KEGG | |
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 1129 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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SMILES
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| Properties | |
| C4H8O | |
| Molar mass | 72.107 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Pungent, aldehyde odor |
| Density | 0.8016 g/mL |
| Melting point | −96.86 °C (−142.35 °F; 176.29 K) |
| Boiling point | 74.8 °C (166.6 °F; 347.9 K) |
| Critical point (T, P) | 537 K (264 °C), 4.32 MPa (42.6 atm) |
| 7.6 g/100 mL (20 °C) | |
| Solubility | Miscible with organic solvents |
| log P | 0.88 |
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) |
−46.08·10−6 cm3/mol |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.3766 |
| Viscosity | 0.45 cP (20 °C) |
| 2.72 D | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
163.7 J·mol−1·K−1 (liquid) 103.4 J·mol−1·K−1 (gas) |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
246.6 J·mol−1·K−1 (liquid) 343.7 J·mol−1·K−1 (gas) |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−239.2 kJ·mol−1 (liquid) −204.8 kJ·mol−1 (gas) |
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
2470.34 kJ·mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Danger | |
| H225, H319 | |
| P210, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) |
3
3
0 |
| Flash point | −7 °C (19 °F; 266 K) |
| 230 °C (446 °F; 503 K) | |
| Explosive limits | 1.9–12.5% |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
2490 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Related compounds | |
Related aldehyde |
Propionaldehyde Pentanal |
Related compounds |
Butan-1-ol Butyric acid, isobutyraldehyde |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |
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