Brain natriuretic peptide 32

NPPB
Available structures
PDB	Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3N56, 1YK1
Identifiers
Aliases	NPPB, natriuretic peptide B, BNP, Iso-ANP
External IDs	OMIM: 600295 HomoloGene: 81698 GeneCards: NPPB
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)
End	11,858,945 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	left ventricle; ; right ventricle; ; vena cava; ; nucleus accumbens; ; putamen; ; caudate nucleus; ; gastrocnemius muscle; ; islet of Langerhans; ; popliteal artery; ; ascending aorta;
	n/a
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding; hormone activity; signaling receptor binding; diuretic hormone activity; hormone receptor binding;
Cellular component	extracellular region; extracellular space; protein-containing complex; nucleus; cytoplasm;
Biological process	blood vessel diameter maintenance; protein folding; regulation of signaling receptor activity; negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure; neuropeptide signaling pathway; cGMP-mediated signaling; regulation of blood pressure; negative regulation of angiogenesis; cell surface receptor signaling pathway; regulation of vascular permeability; receptor guanylyl cyclase signaling pathway; body fluid secretion; antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide; cGMP biosynthetic process; negative regulation of cell growth; positive regulation of urine volume; positive regulation of renal sodium excretion;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	4879
	n/a
	ENSG00000120937
	n/a
	P16860
	n/a
	NM_002521
	n/a
	NP_002512; NP_002512
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Brain natriuretic peptide 32 (BNP), also known as B-type natriuretic peptide, is a hormone secreted by cardiomyocytes in the heart ventricles in response to stretching caused by increased ventricular blood volume. BNP is one of the three natriuretic peptides, in addition to ANP and CNP.

The 32-amino acid polypeptide BNP is secreted attached to a 76–amino acid N-terminal fragment in the prohormone called NT-proBNP (BNPT), which is biologically inactive. Once released, BNP binds to and activates the atrial natriuretic factor receptor NPRA, and to a lesser extent NPRB, in a fashion similar to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) but with 10-fold lower affinity. The biological half-life of BNP, however, is twice as long as that of ANP, and that of NT-proBNP is even longer, making these peptides better targets than ANP for diagnostic blood testing.

The physiologic actions of BNP are similar to those of ANP and include decrease in systemic vascular resistance and central venous pressure as well as an increase in natriuresis. The net effect of these peptides is a decrease in blood pressure due to the decrease in systemic vascular resistance and, thus, afterload. Additionally, the actions of both BNP and ANP result in a decrease in cardiac output due to an overall decrease in central venous pressure and preload as a result of the reduction in blood volume that follows natriuresis and diuresis.

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