Ayacucho
Ayacucho (Spanish pronunciation: [aʝaˈkutʃo] ⓘ, Quechua: Ayak'uchu, derived from the words aya ("death" or "soul") and k'uchu ("corner") in honour of the battle of Ayacucho), founded in 1540 as San Juan de la Frontera de Huamanga and known simply as Huamanga (Quechua: Wamanga) until 1825, is the capital city of Ayacucho Region and of Huamanga Province, Ayacucho Region, Peru.
Ayacucho
Huamanga San Juan de la Frontera de Huamanga | |
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Top: Ayacucho Basilica Cathedral, Second left: Plaza de Armas de Ayacucho (Ayacucho Square), Second right: Mirador Acuchinay Observatory, Third left: Templo de Santo Domingo de Guzmán, Third right: Mariscal Sucre Monument in Ayacucho Square, Bottom: Ayacucho Triumphal Arch | |
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Flag Coat of arms | |
| Nickname: The City of Churches | |
Ayacucho Location in Peru | |
| Coordinates: 13°09′47″S 74°13′28″W | |
| Country | Peru |
| Region | Ayacucho |
| Province | Huamanga |
| District | Ayacucho |
| Settled | April 25, 1540 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Yuri Gutiérrez |
| Area | |
| • Total | 2,981.37 km2 (1,151.11 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 2,761 m (9,058 ft) |
| Population (2015) | |
| • Total | 180,766 |
| • Density | 61/km2 (160/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Ayacuchano, -1 |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (PET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (PET) |
| Area code | 66 |
| Website | http://www.munihuamanga.gob.pe/ |
Its original name, which continues to be the alternative name of the city, dates back to the Incan and Viceregal periods of its history, until its official change by Simón Bolívar in 1825 through a decree to commemorate the battle of Ayacucho during the Peruvian War of Independence. Bolívar issued the decree on February 15, 1825, changing the name from "Huamanga" to "Ayacucho", after the battle that decisively established the total independence of the nascent Peruvian Republic.
Ayacucho is famous for its 33 churches, which represent one for each year of Jesus' life. Ayacucho has large religious celebrations, especially during the Holy Week of Easter. These celebrations include horse races featuring Peruvian Caballos de Paso and the traditional running of the bulls, known locally as the jalatoro or pascuatoro. The jalatoro is similar to the Spanish encierro, except that the bulls are led by horses of the Morochucos.