Andrés Bonifacio
Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro (Tagalog: [anˈdɾes (anˈdɾez-) bonɪˈfaʃo], Spanish: [anˈdɾes βoniˈfaθjo]; November 30, 1863 – May 10, 1897) was a Filipino revolutionary leader. He is often called "The Father of the Philippine Revolution", and considered one of the national heroes of the Philippines.
The Most Excellent Andrés Bonifacio | |
|---|---|
Portrait photograph, c. 1896 | |
| Unofficial President of the Sovereign Tagalog Nation President of the Philippines (unofficial) | |
| In office August 24, 1896 – March 22 or May 10, 1897 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished Emilio Aguinaldo (as President of Tejeros Revolutionary Government) |
| Supremo of Katipunan | |
| In office November, 1895 – May 10, 1897 | |
| Preceded by | Román Basa |
| Succeeded by | Organization defunct |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro November 30, 1863 Tondo, Manila, Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish Empire |
| Died | May 10, 1897 (aged 33) Maragondon, Cavite, Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish Empire |
| Cause of death | Execution |
| Political party | La Liga Filipina Katipunan |
| Spouses | |
| Children | 1 |
| Education | Self-educated |
| Signature | |
| Nickname(s) | Maypagasa (The First President of the Republic of the Philippines ) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | |
| Years of service | 1896–1897 |
| Battles/wars | Philippine Revolution
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He was one of the founders and later the Kataastaasang Pangulo (Supreme President, Presidente Supremo in Spanish, often shortened by contemporaries and historians to just Supremo) of the Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan or more commonly known as the "Katipunan", a movement that sought the independence of the Philippines from Spanish colonial rule and started the Philippine Revolution.
With the onset of the revolution, Bonifacio reorganized the Katipunan into a revolutionary government, with himself as President (Pangulo) of a nation-state called "Haring Bayang Katagalugan" ("Sovereign Nation of the Tagalog People" or "Sovereign Tagalog Nation"), also "Republika ng Katagaluguan" ("Tagalog Republic", Republica Tagala in Spanish), where in "Tagalog" referred to all those born in the Philippine islands and not merely the Tagalog speaking regions Hence, some historians have argued that he should be considered the First President of the Tagalogs instead of the Philippines; that is why he is not included in the current official line of succession.
Bonifacio was executed by Major Lázaro Macapagal under the order of the Consejo dela Guerra (Council of War) headed by General Mariano Noriel in 1897 on the basis of committing sedition and treason against the government.