Alcazaba of the Alhambra

The Alcazaba (Spanish: Alcazaba; Arabic: القصبة, romanized: al-qaṣabah, lit. 'citadel') is a fortress at the western tip of the Alhambra in Granada, Spain. Its name comes from the Arabic term al-qaṣabah ('the citadel' or kasbah), which became Alcazaba in Spanish.^: 9 It is the oldest surviving part of the Alhambra, having been built by Muhammad I Ibn al-Ahmar, the founder of the Nasrid dynasty, after 1238.^{: 25 : 81} It stands on the site of an earlier fortress built by the Zirid kingdom of Granada in the 11th century.^: 81