Agni (missile)

The Agni missile (Sanskrit: अग्नि; lit. Fire) is a family of medium to intercontinental range ballistic missiles developed by India, named after one of the five elements of nature. Agni missiles are long-range, nuclear weapons capable, surface-to-surface ballistic missiles. The first missile of the series, Agni-I was developed under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (lGMDP) and tested in 1989. After its success, the Agni missile programme was separated from the GMDP upon realizing its strategic importance. It was designated as a special programme in India's defence budget and provided adequate funds for subsequent development. As of November 2019, the missiles in the Agni series are being inducted into service. The family comprises the following:

NameTypeRange
Agni-IMRBM700–1,200 km (Operational)
Agni-PMRBM1,000-2,000 km (In trail)
Agni-IIMRBM 2,000–3,500 km (Operational)
Agni-IIIIRBM3,000–5,000 km (Operational)
Agni-IVIRBM3,500–4,000  km(Operational)
Agni-VICBM7,000–8,000 km (Operational)
Agni-VIICBM11,000–12,000 km (Under development)

Agni-P, I, II, III, IV, V, VI
Agni-V ICBM
TypeMedium-range ballistic missile (Agni-I, Agni-II, Agni Prime)
Intermediate-range ballistic missile (Agni-III, Agni-IV)
Intercontinental ballistic missile (Agni-V, Agni VI)
Place of originIndia
Service history
In serviceActive
Used byIndia
Production history
DesignerDefence Research and Development Organisation
ManufacturerBharat Dynamics Limited
Specifications
Mass12,000 kg (Agni-I)
16,000 kg (Agni-II)
48,000 kg (Agni III)
17,000 kg (Agni-IV)
49,000 kg (Agni-V)
55,000 kg (Agni VI)
11,000 kg (Agni P)
Length15 m (Agni-I)
21 m (Agni-II)
17 m (Agni-III)
20 m (Agni-IV)
17.5 m (Agni-V)
10.5 m(Agni-P)
Diameter1.0 m (Agni-I, Agni-II)
2.0 m (Agni-III, Agni-IV, Agni V)
1.1 m (Agni VI)
1.15 m (Agni P)
WarheadConventional high explosive-unitary, penetration, cluster munitions, incendiary weapon, thermobaric, strategic nuclear weapon

EngineComposite rocket motor
PropellantSolid fuel
Operational
range
700–1,200 km (Agni-I)
1,000–2,000 km (Agni Prime)
2,000–3,500 km (Agni-II)
3,000–5,000 km (Agni-III)
3,500–4,000 km (Agni-IV)
7,000–8,000 km (Agni-V)
11,000–12,000 km (Agni VI)
Flight altitude300 km (Agni-I)
230 km (Agni-II),
350 km (Agni-III)
Maximum speed 24 Mach (Agni-V)
Guidance
system
Mid-course: Ring laser gyro inertial navigation system with GPS/NavIC satellite guidance
Terminal: Imaging infrared homing, radar scene correlation, active radar homing
Launch
platform
Road/Rail mobile
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