Apolipoprotein D

APOD
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2HZQ, 2HZR
Identifiers
Aliases	APOD, Apod, apolipoprotein D
External IDs	OMIM: 107740 MGI: 88056 HomoloGene: 1246 GeneCards: APOD
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)
End	195,584,033 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 16 (mouse)
End	31,133,626 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	olfactory bulb; ; spinal ganglia; ; trigeminal ganglion; ; tibial nerve; ; gastric mucosa; ; right coronary artery; ; right lobe of thyroid gland; ; inferior ganglion of vagus nerve; ; right lung; ; middle frontal gyrus;
	Top expressed in
	stria vascularis; ; olfactory epithelium; ; ankle; ; median eminence; ; pontine nuclei; ; ankle joint; ; optic nerve; ; cerebellar cortex; ; globus pallidus; ; medial geniculate nucleus;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	lipid transporter activity; transporter activity; cholesterol binding; protein binding; small molecule binding; lipid binding;
Cellular component	cytosolic ribosome; intracellular anatomical structure; neuronal cell body; dendrite; endoplasmic reticulum; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; extracellular exosome; extracellular space; extracellular region; cytoplasm;
Biological process	negative regulation of T cell migration; negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; tissue regeneration; lipid metabolism; response to reactive oxygen species; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell-matrix adhesion; human ageing; negative regulation of lipoprotein lipid oxidation; brain development; peripheral nervous system axon regeneration; response to axon injury; angiogenesis; glucose metabolic process; negative regulation of focal adhesion assembly; negative regulation of protein import into nucleus; negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response; lipid transport; transport;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	347
	11815
	ENSG00000189058
	ENSMUSG00000022548
	P05090
	P51910
	NM_001647
	NM_001301353; NM_001301354; NM_007470
	NP_001638
	NP_001288282; NP_001288283; NP_031496
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Apolipoprotein D (ApoD) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOD gene. Unlike other lipoproteins, which are mainly produced in the liver, apolipoprotein D is mainly produced in the brain and testes. It is a 29 kDa glycoprotein discovered in 1963 as a component of the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction of human plasma. It is the major component of human mammary cyst fluid. The human gene encoding it was cloned in 1986 and the deduced protein sequence revealed that ApoD is a member of the lipocalin family, small hydrophobic molecule transporters. ApoD is 169 amino acids long, including a secretion peptide signal of 20 amino acids. It contains two glycosylation sites (aspargines 45 and 78) and the molecular weight of the mature protein varies from 20 to 32 kDa (see figure 1).

The resolved tertiary structure shows that ApoD is composed of 8 anti-parallel β-strands forming a hydrophobic cavity capable of receiving different ligands. ApoD also contains 5 cysteine residues, 4 of which are involved in intra-molecular disulfide bonds.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.