9×19mm Parabellum
The 9×19mm Parabellum (also known as the 9mm Parabellum, the 9mm Luger, the 9x19mm or simply as the 9mm) is a rimless, centerfire, tapered firearms cartridge.
| 9×19mm Parabellum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Pistol | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Place of origin | German Empire | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Service history | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Used by | Most military and civilian agencies around the world | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wars | World War I – present | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Production history | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Designer | Georg Luger | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Designed | 1901 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Produced | 1902–present | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variants | 9×19mm Parabellum +P | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specifications | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parent case | 7.65×21mm Parabellum | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Case type | Rimless, tapered | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bullet diameter | 9.01 mm (0.355 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Land diameter | 8.82 mm (0.347 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Neck diameter | 9.65 mm (0.380 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Base diameter | 9.93 mm (0.391 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rim diameter | 9.96 mm (0.392 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rim thickness | 1.27 mm (0.050 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Case length | 19.15 mm (0.754 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Overall length | 29.69 mm (1.169 in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Case capacity | 0.862 cm3 (13.30 gr H2O) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rifling twist | 250 mm (1-9.84in) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primer type | Berdan or Boxer small pistol | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Maximum pressure (CIP) | 235.00 MPa (34,084 psi) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Maximum pressure (SAAMI) | 241.3165 MPa (35,000.00 psi) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ballistic performance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Test barrel length: 118mm (4.65") Source(s): Sellier & Bellot, CIP, Norma Ammunition, Underwood Ammunition, RBCD Performance Plus Ammunition | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Originally designed by Austrian firearm designer Georg Luger in 1901, it is widely considered the most popular handgun and submachine gun cartridge due to its low cost, adequate stopping power and extensive availability.
Since the cartridge was designed for the Luger semi-automatic pistol, it has been given the designation of 9mm Luger by the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute (SAAMI) and the Commission internationale permanente pour l'épreuve des armes à feu portatives (CIP).
A 2007 US survey concluded that "about 60 percent of the firearms in use by police are 9mm [Parabellum]" and credited 9×19mm Parabellum pistol sales with making semiautomatic pistols more popular than revolvers.