9K31 Strela-1
The 9K31 Strela-1 (Russian: 9К31 «Стрела-1»; English: arrow) is a highly mobile, short-range, low altitude infra-red guided surface-to-air missile system. Originally developed by the Soviet Union under the GRAU designation 9K31, it is commonly known by its NATO reporting name, SA-9 "Gaskin". The system consists of a BRDM-2 amphibious vehicle, mounting two pairs of ready-to-fire 9M31 missiles.
| 9K31 Strela-1 (NATO reporting name: SA-9 Gaskin) | |
|---|---|
9K31 transporter erector launcher | |
| Type | Vehicle-mounted SAM system |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1968–present |
| Used by | See list of operators |
| Wars | Arab–Israeli wars, Western Sahara War, Yugoslav wars, South African Border War Lebanon wars, Iran–Iraq War, Gulf War, 2003 invasion of IraqSyrian Civil War, Yemeni Civil War (2015–present) |
| Production history | |
| Designer | OKB-16 design bureau (now the Moscow-based KB Tochmash Design Bureau of Precision Engineering) |
| Manufacturer | Soviet state factories |
| Produced | 1966 |
| Variants | 9K31, CA-95 |
| Specifications (9K31 Strela-1) | |
| Mass | 7,000 kg |
| Length | 5.8 m |
| Width | 2.4 m |
| Height | 2.3 m (travelling) |
| Crew | 3 (commander, gunner and driver) |
| Armour | 5–14 mm |
Main armament | 4 × 9M31 (or 9M31M) |
| Engine | GAZ 41 V-8 water-cooled petrol 140 hp at 3,400 rpm |
| Power/weight | 20 hp/t |
| Ground clearance | 0.43 m |
| Fuel capacity | 290 litres |
Operational range | 750 km |
| Maximum speed | 100 km/h (road) 10 km/h (water) |
Guidance system | infrared homing |
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