1939 Erzincan earthquake
An earthquake struck Turkey's eastern Erzincan Province at 1:57:23 a.m. on 27 December 1939 local time with a moment magnitude of 7.8 Mw and a maximum Mercalli intensity of XII (Extreme). It is the joint second most-powerful earthquake recorded in Turkey, tied with the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake. Only the 1668 North Anatolia earthquake was more powerful. This was one of the largest in a sequence of violent shocks to affect Turkey along the North Anatolian Fault between 1939 and 1999. Surface rupturing, with a horizontal displacement of up to 3.7 meters, occurred in a 360 km long segment of the North Anatolian Fault Zone. The earthquake was the most severe natural loss of life in Turkey in the 20th century, with 32,968 dead, and some 100,000 injured.
| UTC time | 1939-12-26 23:57:23 |
|---|---|
| ISC event | 902291 |
| USGS-ANSS | ComCat |
| Local date | 27 December 1939 |
| Local time | 1:57:23 a.m. |
| Magnitude | 7.8 Mw |
| Depth | 20 km (12 mi) |
| Epicenter | 39.77°N 39.58°E |
| Fault | North Anatolian Fault |
| Type | Strike-slip |
| Areas affected | Erzincan Province Turkey |
| Total damage | 116,720 buildings were seriously damaged |
| Max. intensity | MMI XII (Extreme) |
| Tsunami | 0.53 m (1 ft 9 in) |
| Aftershocks | Yes |
| Casualties | 32,700–32,968 dead 100,000 injured |