1906 United States House of Representatives elections

The 1906 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 6, 1906, with Oregon, Maine, and Vermont holding theirs early in either June or September. They occurred in the middle of President Theodore Roosevelt's second term. Elections were held for 386 seats of the United States House of Representatives, representing 45 states, to serve in the 60th United States Congress (Oklahoma would later gain statehood in 1907 and increase the House membership to 391).

1906 United States House of Representatives elections
November 6, 1906
All 391 seats in the United States House of Representatives
196 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Joseph Cannon John Sharp Williams
Party Republican Democratic
Leader's seat Illinois 18th Mississippi 8th
Last election 251 seats 135 seats
Seats won 223 167
Seat change 28 32
Popular vote 5,695,735 4,866,899
Percentage 50.99% 43.57%
Swing 3.59% 2.59%
  Third party
 
Party Independent
Last election 0 seats
Seats won 1
Seat change 1
Popular vote 40,264
Percentage 0.36%
Swing 0.20%
Speaker before election

Joseph Cannon
Republican

 Elected Speaker

Joseph Cannon
Republican

As in many midterm elections, the President's Republican Party lost seats to the opposition Democratic Party, but retained a large overall majority. Dissatisfaction with working conditions and resentment toward union busting among industrial laborers in the Mid-Atlantic and Midwest caused these groups to turn out to the polls in large numbers in support of the Democratic Party. However, gains in these regions were not enough to remove the Republican majority or the firm support that the party held among the middle class.

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